Realizou-se no Porto entre 5 e 9 de setembro a 73º Encontro Anual da European Federation of Animal Science. Trata-se de um encontro internacional de grande dimensão que teve a participação de mais de 1000 técnicos e cientistas ligados á produção e ciência animal. No âmbito do projeto LegForBov foi feita uma apresentação oral numa das sessões do Congresso e foram ainda apresentadas mais duas comunicações sob a forma de poster.
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Are all the rumen ciliate protozoa equally related with the enteric methane emissions of ruminants?
A.E. Francisco1,2, J. Santos-Silva1,2, A.V. Portugal2, K. Paulos2, M.T. Dentinho1,2 and R.J.B. Bessa1
1CIISA, FMV-ULisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal, 2INIAV, Pólo de Inovação da Fonte; Boa, Quinta da Fonte Boa, Vale de Santarém, 2005-048 Santarém, Portugal; Este endereço de email está protegido contra piratas. Necessita ativar o JavaScript para o visualizar.
Due to their high fermentative activity, ciliate protozoa (PTZ) are the main rumen producers of hydrogen, that is then used by the methanogenic archaea to produce methane (CH4). The CH4 has an impact as greenhouse gas 25 times higher than CO2, and as ruminant digestive emissions contribute relevantly to the total anthropogenic CH4 emissions, strategies for their mitigation are required. The elimination of PTZ from rumen has been proposed to reduce the CH4 emissions from ruminants. However, there is still a strong lack of knowledge on the links between PTZ taxa and rumen methanogenesis. This study evaluated the relationships between the PTZ genera present in the rumen fluid of 35 young crossbred beef bulls, used in two experiments and fed 6 different diets and the correspondent quantity of gas and CH4 produced. Rumen fluid was collected at slaughter and PTZ enumerated and identified at genus level by optical microscopy. The total gas and CH4 production were evaluated in vitro in glass bottles with gas detectors (Ankom system), incubating for 48 h the individual rumen fluid samples with the diet provided to the donor during the feeding experiment. PTZ data were subjected to a regression analysis, removing the variation due to the diet and considering the experiment as a random effect. Total abundance of PTZ (log10cells/ml rumen fluid) was not related with total gas or CH4. However, total gas production increased linearly with Entodinium (P=0.017) and decreased with Epidinium (P<0.001) counts. The CH4 production decreased linearly with Epidinium counts (P<0.001) and the CH4 proportion (% of total gas) decreased linearly with Isotricha counts (P<0.001). Ruminal total gas and CH4 production seems to depend on the PTZ genera present in the rumen fluid, being Epidinium and Isotricha related with lower CH4 emissions. Work funded by the PDR2020 program through FEADER (LegForBov project- PDR2020-101-031179) and by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) (PtzR´Methane project – EXPL/CAL-ZOO/0144/2021).
Can haylage-based diets be a sustainable alternative to concentrate-base diets for finishing veals?
Santos-Silvaab, J.; A.E. Franciscoab; A.V. Portugal a, M. T. Dentinhoab, A. Barradasc; A. J. Rodriguesd; N.R. Rodriguese, T. Domingos e; R. J. B. Bessaf
a-INIAV, Vale de Santarém, Portugal; b- CIISA – Lisboa, Portugal; c Fertiprado, Vaiamonte, Portugal; d – ELIPEC, Elvas, Portugal; e – Terra Prima, Serviços Ambientais, Lisboa, Portugal; f - Al4AnimalS - Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
High quality forage-based diets for finishing cattle will reduce competition for human edible food resources, the Portuguese dependence from cereals´ importation and protein sources commodities and potentially will reduce the carbon footprint of the operation. Sixteen crossbred Limousine x Alentejana 7 months weaned veal’s, were individually housed and randomly assigned to two diets during finishing for 64 days. Control diet (C), was based in a concentrate (Biona Diobife Top2 GRA, DeHeus, Cartaxo, Portugal) and the Total Mixed Ration diet (TMR), contained 54% DM (dry matter) haylage, 36% DM concentrate and 10% DM sunflower seed. The haylage used was from a biodiverse mixture (SpeedMix, Fertiprado, Vaiamonte, Portugal). The diets were formulated to have 16% DM of crude protein and were offered ad libitum. Intake was controlled daily and live weight fortnightly. Methane production was individually measured, using a GreenFeed unit (C-Lock, Rapid City, SD, USA).A Life Cycle Analysis was conducted to estimate the carbon footprint of the feeding systems. DM intake was 7.6% higher with TMR, corresponding to higher fat and fibre and lower starch intakes. Daily weight gain was similar among diets (1598 ± g/day). Dry matter conversion ratio was 43% higher for TMR but feeding cost was not affected by the diet when reported to live weight gain (2.37 €/kg). Concentrate consumption was 46% lower with TMR. Methane production was 75% higher for TMR and the carbon footprint was slightly lower for TMR. Haylage-based diets did not compromise growth performance or meat quality of crossbred veal’s and had small impact in the carbon footprint of veal’s finishing phase when compared to conventional concentrate-base diets.
Work funded by PDR2020 program through the FEADER under the project LegForBov (PDR2020-101-031179).
Biodiverse haylages in beef fattening diets – Effect on lipid oxidation of cooked meat
Letícia Fialho1,2, Liliana Cachucho1,2, Alexandra Francisco2,3, José Santos-Silva2,3, Eliana Jerónimo1,4
1 Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo/IPBeja, Beja, Portugal; 2 Centro Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Lisboa, Portugal; 3 Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Santarém, Portugal; 4 Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Beja, Portugal
In Portugal, bulls and heifers are fattened with concentrate-based diets mainly composed of cereals and oilseed derivatives, raw materials in which country is strongly dependent on the external market. Actually, the technology allows the production of high-quality haylages, even when the climate conditions in Spring are not favorable. Under the project “LegForBov – Alternative feeds in beef production”, haylages were used to replace part of conventional raw materials and, thus, reduce external dependence and the environmental impact of beef production systems. In 3 experiments, haylage produced from a biodiverse mixture (Speedmix - Fertiprado, Portugal) was included at different levels (50, 54, 60 and, 67.5% DM) in bull and heifer diets, involving 64 animals. The diets with 54 and 67.5% DM haylage were supplemented with 10 % DM of sunflower seed. The effect of haylage on lipid oxidation of cooked meat was compared to a conventional concentrate-based diet. Lipid oxidation (TBARS) was evaluated in muscle samples stored under vacuum at 2°C from 3 to 14 days after slaughter and maintained at 4°C during 0 and 3 days after cooking. On cooking day, lipid oxidation was lower in haylage diets (P<0.001; 0.12 mg malonaldehyde (MDA)/kg muscle) than in concentrate-based diet (0.18 mg MDA/kg muscle). In cooked meat and preserved for 3 days, lipid oxidation was not affected by the dietary treatments, averaging 3.09 mg MDA/kg of muscle. The higher contents of antioxidant compounds, such as phenolic compounds in haylage diets than in concentrate diets (8.93 vs 1.84 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, respectively), may have contributed to the meat lipid protection on during storage. However, in more severe oxidative conditions (cooking and storage) the antioxidant effect of haylage was not enough to limit the lipid oxidation of meat.
Funding: Project LegForBov (PDR2020-101-031179; PDR2020-101-031184) – FEADER; projects UIDB/05183/2020 (MED) and UIDP/CVT/00276/2020 (CIISA), and PhD grants awarded to LC (2020.05712.BD) and LF (2020.04456.BD) — National funds through FCT.